In chlor alkali industries three types of electrolytic process are adopted for the production of caustic, chlorine, hypochlorite chemicals :

• Membrane cell process ( louver anode, mesh anodes )
• Diaphragem cell process ( box anode, perforated anode )
• Mercury cell process ( mesh, strip anode, rod, weir anode )

In each process salt ( brine ) solution is electrolyzed by the action of direct electric current, which converts the chloride ions to chlorine.

The reaction is :

2NaCl + 2H2O = Cl2 + H2 + 2NaOH

In all the methods chlorine (Cl2) is produced at the positive electrode ( anode ) and the hydrogen (H2) and Sodium Hydroxide ( NaOH or caustic soda ) are produced directly or indirectly at the negative electrode ( cathode ). Membrane or Diaphragm or Mercury is used to separate the anode products from the cathode products according the process adopted.

TYPES OF CHLOR ALKALI ANODES WE OFFER ( membrane cell anode )

monopolar mesh, monopolar louver type membrane cell anode
bipolar mesh type anode, bipolar louver type membrane cell anode

TYPES OF CHLOR ALKALI ANODES WE OFFER ( diaphragm cell anode )

mesh type diaphragm cell anode, perforated plate type diaphgragm cell anode , box type diaphragm cell anode

Chlor Alkali Anode Types

• mesh type mercury cell anode ( activated titanium mesh anodes )
• rod type mercury cell anode ( mmo coated titanium rod anodes )
• strip type mercury cell anode ( mixed metal oxide coated anode )
• weir type mercury cell anode ( activated titanium weir anode )
• louver type mercury cell anode ( activated titanium louver anodes )
• round finger type mercury cell anode ( mmo coated finger anode )
• trapezoidal strip type mercury cell anode ( mmo strip anode )

CHLOR ALKALI ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS( MEMBRANE PROCESS)

Membrane cell technology is a recent development in chlor alkali process. In membrane cell process, membrane is used to separate the anode products from the cathode products.Saturated brine enters the anode compartment of the cell where chlorine gas is liberated.The membrane allows the migration of sodium ions from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber.

Since only sodium ions can pass through the membrane to the cathode, the caustic soda contains substantially less sodium chloride. So salt removal capabilities are not required as in the diaphragm cell process.

The types mixed metal oxide ( mmo ) coated titanium membrane cell anodes are available :

mesh type membrane cell anode
louver type membrane cell anodes
plate type membrane cell anodes

CHLOR ALKALI ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS( DIAPHRAGM CELL )

Diaphragm cell technology is one of the electrolytic process adopted in chlor alkali industries. In diaphragm cell process, a permeable asbestos based diaphragm is used to separate the anode products from the cathode products. Saturated brine enters the anode compartment of the cell where chlorine gas is liberated. The diaphragm allows the migration of sodium ions only from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber.

The collected chlorine from anode chamber is purified by liquefaction & evaporation. Commercial caustic soda is produced from the caustic brine collected from the cathode chamber.

Two types mixed metal oxide ( mmo ) coated titanium diaphragm cell anodes are available :

perforated plate diaphragem cell ( electrolyzer ) anodes
mesh type diaphragm cell anode ( box type anode )

CHLOR ALKALI ELECTROLYTIC PROCESS( MERCURY CELL )

In chlor alkali industrie 's mercury cell process, the liquid mercury cathode and the purified brine concurrently flows into the mercury cell. The electrolytic process creates chlorine (Cl2) at the anode chamber and sodium at the cathode chamber.

The collected chlorine from the anode dried, compressed and bottled. The sodium will form sodium amalgam by mixing with mercury. The amalgam is then reacted with water to produce hydrogen gas and caustic soda solution. The caustic, mercury and hydrogen will be seperated before caustic is proceeding to storage. MMO Coated mercury cell anodes are of various types such as :

mesh type mercury cell anode ( activated titanium mesh anode )
rod type mercury cell anodes ( mmo coated titanium rod anode ) 
strip type mercury cell anode ( mixed metal oxide coated anode )
weir type mercury cell anodes ( activated titanium weir anode )
finger type mercury cell anode ( mmo coated titanium anode )

Sodium chlorate (NaClO3) is manufactured by the electrolytic oxidation of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) using chlorate cells, where in TiTaN 's mixed metal oxide coated titanium anodes are used.

Potassium chlorate (KClO3) is manufactured by the electrolytic oxidation of Potassium Chloride (KCl) using chlorate cells, where in TiTaN 's MMO coated titanium substrate anodes are used.

These chlorates are further processed to produce chlorine dioxide ( ClO2 ) and perchlorates, which are of in high demand for bleaching and explosive manufacturing purposes.

In chlorate industries modular cell ( modular electrolyzer ) is used to produce Sodium Chlorate (NaClO3) and Potassium Chlorate ( KClO3 ) from Sodium Chloride (NaCl) and Potassium Chloride ( KCl) by means of electrolytic oxidation.

These modular type chlorate cell ( modular electrolyzer ) contains TiTaN 's precious mixed metal oxide coated titanium substrate anodes, which is otherwise known as mmo titanium ( Ti ) anode.

TiTaN offer various types of mixed metal oxide coated titanium substrate anodes for modular type chlorate electrolyzer ( chlorate cells ). According to geometry TiTaN supplies plate type Ti anode for modular cell. Capacity wise our anode can be classified such as

MMO plate type titanium anode for 4 KA modular cell
Titanium anode for 6 KA & 8 kA modular electrolyzer
Mixed metal oxide anode for 12 KA modular type chlorate cell
MMO coated titanium anode for 16 KA modular cell
MMO titanium metal anode for 48 KA chlorate modular cell

TiTaN 's precious mixed metal oxide coated ( activated ) titanium anode s are being widely used in all type of sea water electrolyzer and domestic chlorinator ( hypo chlorite generators ). According to the anode used in the electrolyzer, it can be classified as :
Mono polar electrochlorinator
Bi polar electrolyzer

Replacement Cells Offered by electrolyser polarity

monopolar electrolyzer anode ( mmo coated titanium anode )
bipolar chlorinator anode ( activated titanium anode )

electrode assembled or skids offered

mesh type sea water chlorinator anode ( mmo coated anodes )
plate type domestic chlorinator anode (activated titanium anodes )
disc type hypochlorite generator anode ( titanium mmo anodes)
tubular type industrial chlorinator anode ( mmo tubular Ti anodes )
electrode assembly for seawater chlorinators
electrode skids or modules for chlorination equipment

ANODE REFURBISHMENT SERVICES WE OFFER

electrolyzer anode fin replacement, recoating of electrochlorinator anode, mixed metal oxide recoating, hypochlorite generator anode replatinizing, sea water chlorinator anode tinkering.

The principle of impressed current cathodic protection is in connecting an external anode to the material to be protected from corrosion and passing of an external ( impressed ) electrical DC current.

PLATINIZED IMPRESSED CURRENT CATHODIC PROTECTION ANODE
These impressed current anodes are also known as dimensionally stable anode or insoluble anodes. Platinum is an excellent anode material due to its high conductivity and low consumption rate. Due to its high cost, it is not economical to use platinum by itself. So that platinized anodes are produced by electroplating a thin layer of platinum over a lower cost substrate such as titanium, tantalum, niobium or zirconium etc.

Anodes are specially designed for aqueous environments with a PVC perforated tube that directs current flow and provides extra protection to the anode.

The traditional large and heavy impressed-current anodes are thought to be the only way for preventing corrosion in numerous types of buried and submerged structures. With the development of the mixed metal oxide anodes, the idea has been greatly challenged.The coating of the mixed metal oxides on the anodes has an almost negligible consumption rate of less than 1.0 mg/amp-yr. TiTaN manufactures the complete solid mixed-metal oxide anodes for use in a variety of corrosion-prone environments. The anodes are composed of titanium rod, titanium tube, titanium ribbon mesh substrates, which are coated with amixed-metal-oxide catalyst. The titanium substrate, totally stable, transfers direct electrical current through the mixed-metal-oxide coating.